Desarrollo de la madurez léxica: propuesta metodológica para cuarto año de la Educación General Básica.
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2006
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INIE
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Esta investigación tuvo como finalidad determinar el léxico meta por enseñar en el primer ciclo y en cuarto
año de la educación básica costarricense, así también esbozar para la enseñanza de ese léxico.La población del estudio la constituyen los niños escolares de cuarto año del país, pues el material se desarrolla a partir de inventarios léxicos obtenidos de textos orales y escritos por escolares de dicho nivel, correspondientesa una muestra nacional constituida por dos escuelas de cada subregión educativa, una urbana y una rural.
Para definir léxico meta se partió de dos repertorios: lo que el estudiantado sabe y lo que el estudiantado debería saber. Una vez definido este primer léxico meta filtrado por el básico, se eliminaron aquellas palabras propias de las disciplinas, otras muy generales -las que posiblemente no se utilizaron porque las temáticas sobre las que escribieron los niños no las necesitaban- u otras muy específicas. Resultaron 1816. Para cada palabra se identificó una lista de sinónimos, antónimos, hiperónimos e hipónimos.
Las palabras de este amplio léxico meta se repartieron, siguiendo criterios de lo indicado en investigaciones
precedentes, en el léxico meta para cada año educativo. Así se obtuvo una lista de sustantivos, adjetivos, verbos y adverbios para primero, segundo, tercero y cuarto años.
En cuanto al cumplimiento de objetivos, se determinó el léxico meta por enseñar en cuarto año del segundo
ciclo y en primero, segundo y tercer año del primer ciclo. Aunque al principio se recogió la información en
cuarto año por considerar este como el nivel de salida del primer ciclo, de manera que los resultados fueran
aplicados al tercer ciclo y no al cuarto año, debido a que el repertorio resultó muy amplio en comparación con el de sexto año.
Se esbozaron los lineamientos generales para una propuesta metodológica de la enseñanza del léxico y se consiguió la cooperación de la Fundación CRUSA para la elaboración de material didáctico para el aprendizaje del léxico meta propuesta (Investigación con un alto componente de acción social que se llevará a cabo desde el 2006 hasta el 2008).
Se anexan los siguientes documentos: Hoja de validación utilizada por los jueces, artículo y ponencia sobre el tema investigado.
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to determine the target lexicon to be taught in the first cycle and the fourth grade of Costa Rican basic education, as well as to outline general guidelines for a methodological proposal for the teaching of this lexicon. The study population is made up of schoolchildren in the fourth grade of the country, as the material is developed from lexical inventories obtained from oral texts and written by students of such level, corresponding to a national sample consisting of two schools in each educational subregion , an urban and a rural. To define lexical goal, two repertories were the basis: what the student knows and what the student should know. Once this first goal lexicon was defined by the basic one, those words specific to the disciplines were eliminated, other very general ones -the ones that were possibly not used because the topics the children wrote about did not need them- other very specific ones. They were 1816. For each word a list of synonyms, antonyms, hyperonyms and hyponyms was identified. The words of this broad target lexicon were distributed, following criteria indicated in previous research, in the target lexicon for each educational year. Thus, a list of nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs was obtained for first, second, third and fourth grades. Regarding the fulfillment of objectives, the goal lexicon was determined by teaching in the fourth grade of the second cycle and in the first, second and third grade of the first cycle. Although at the beginning information was collected in fourth grade, considering this as the exit level of the first cycle, so that the results were applied to the third cycle and not to the fourth grade, because the repertoire was very wide in comparison to the the sixth grade. The general guidelines for a methodological proposal of the teaching of the lexicon were outlined and the cooperation of the CRUSA Foundation was obtained for the elaboration of didactic material for the learning of the proposed meta lexicon (Research with a high social action component that will be carried out). from 2006 to 2008). The following documents are attached: Validation sheet used by the judges, article and papers about the subject under investigation.
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to determine the target lexicon to be taught in the first cycle and the fourth grade of Costa Rican basic education, as well as to outline general guidelines for a methodological proposal for the teaching of this lexicon. The study population is made up of schoolchildren in the fourth grade of the country, as the material is developed from lexical inventories obtained from oral texts and written by students of such level, corresponding to a national sample consisting of two schools in each educational subregion , an urban and a rural. To define lexical goal, two repertories were the basis: what the student knows and what the student should know. Once this first goal lexicon was defined by the basic one, those words specific to the disciplines were eliminated, other very general ones -the ones that were possibly not used because the topics the children wrote about did not need them- other very specific ones. They were 1816. For each word a list of synonyms, antonyms, hyperonyms and hyponyms was identified. The words of this broad target lexicon were distributed, following criteria indicated in previous research, in the target lexicon for each educational year. Thus, a list of nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs was obtained for first, second, third and fourth grades. Regarding the fulfillment of objectives, the goal lexicon was determined by teaching in the fourth grade of the second cycle and in the first, second and third grade of the first cycle. Although at the beginning information was collected in fourth grade, considering this as the exit level of the first cycle, so that the results were applied to the third cycle and not to the fourth grade, because the repertoire was very wide in comparison to the the sixth grade. The general guidelines for a methodological proposal of the teaching of the lexicon were outlined and the cooperation of the CRUSA Foundation was obtained for the elaboration of didactic material for the learning of the proposed meta lexicon (Research with a high social action component that will be carried out). from 2006 to 2008). The following documents are attached: Validation sheet used by the judges, article and papers about the subject under investigation.
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PROPUESTA METODOLÓGICA, LÉXICO, EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA, SISTEMA LINGÜÍSTICO, METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL, LEXICO, BASIC EDUCATION, LINGUISTIC SYSTEM