Los Programas de Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas (PTMC), su vinculación con a de educación de personas jóvenes adultas. Una mirada desde los enfoques en cuanto a género.
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2020
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INIE
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El propósito del estudio fue analizar el papel que juegan los programas de transferencias condicionadas del Estado costarricense, que están dirigidas a mujeres en estado de pobreza o pobreza extrema y su influencia en las posibilidades para estudiar, tanto para las mujeres que cuentan con el beneficio de la TMC, como de aquellas que deben velar por la permanencia de sus hijas e hijos en el colegio, con el fin de poder profundizar en la reflexión de los resultados generados por los programas desde una perspectiva que rescate las vivencias de las mujeres participantes. El abordaje del tema se realizó por medio de investigación documental, así como otros instrumentos que permitieron aproximarse a las vivencias de las mujeres. La población participante fueron 4 mujeres que reciben el beneficio y 3 personas expertas con quienes se empleó entrevista a profundidad. El desarrollo de la investigación ha permitido dar continuidad a las investigaciones educativas que se han desarrollado previamente en relación con los Programas de Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas; logrando ubicar el tema nuevamente como relevante, pues no es solo el aporte económico lo que logra que las mujeres mitiguen sus obstáculos para enfrentar de otras formas la pobreza en las que están inmersas muchas de ellas. Ante este extenso análisis que se intercala entre teoría, estudio y opiniones de diversas personas consultadas se derivan las siguientes conclusiones. Se posiciona que la recepción de estos beneficios recae sobre las mujeres, ya sean ellas las jefas de hogar o no. Esto debido a que son las responsables desde la administración de los recursos, hasta el cumplimiento de las condicionalidades de las transferencias otorgadas, desde lo expuesto, se parte que históricamente el criterio de la asignación fue técnico donde a las personas se les encargó la función de ser garantes de la entrega, y disposición de dichos recursos. Además, de lo anterior, se concluye que los programas de Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas han tenido mucha relevancia como medio para combatir la pobreza. Pero que varía la perspectiva, impacto e implicación en diferentes países. A partir de las experiencias de las informantes claves se puede evidenciar que estas transferencias transforman sus vidas, en términos de consecución de proyectos educativos, pues, les ha permitido la permanencia en el sistema educativo, no obstante, el empoderamiento en torno al género requiere una serie de elementos que van más allá de dotar la transferencia a las personas.
ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to analyze the role played by the conditional transfer programs of the Costa Rican State, which are aimed at women in a state of poverty or extreme poverty and their influence on the possibilities to study, both for women who have the benefit of the TMC, as well as those who must ensure the permanence of their daughters and sons in school, in order to be able to deepen the reflection of the results generated by the programs from a perspective that rescues the experiences of the participating women. The approach to the subject was carried out through documentary research, as well as other instruments that allowed us to approach the experiences of women. The participating population was 4 women who received the benefit and 3 experts with whom an in-depth interview was used. The development of the investigation has allowed to give continuity to the educational investigations that have been previously developed in relation to the Conditional Cash Transfer Programs; managing to place the issue again as relevant, since it is not only the economic contribution that makes women mitigate their obstacles to face the poverty in which they are in other ways immersed many of them. Given this extensive analysis that is interspersed between theory, study and opinions of various people consulted, the following conclusions are derived. It is stated that the reception of these benefits falls on women, whether they are the heads of the household or not. This is due to the fact that they are responsible from the administration of the resources, to the fulfillment of the conditionalities of the transfers granted, from the foregoing, it is assumed that historically the allocation criterion was technical where people were entrusted with the function of be guarantors of the delivery, and disposition of said resources. In addition, from the above, it is concluded that the Conditional Cash Transfer programs have been very important as a means to combat poverty. But the perspective, impact and involvement vary in different countries. Based on the experiences of the key informants, it can be seen that these transfers transform their lives, in terms of achieving educational projects, since they have allowed them to remain in the educational system, however, empowerment around gender requires a series of elements that go beyond providing the transfer to people.
ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to analyze the role played by the conditional transfer programs of the Costa Rican State, which are aimed at women in a state of poverty or extreme poverty and their influence on the possibilities to study, both for women who have the benefit of the TMC, as well as those who must ensure the permanence of their daughters and sons in school, in order to be able to deepen the reflection of the results generated by the programs from a perspective that rescues the experiences of the participating women. The approach to the subject was carried out through documentary research, as well as other instruments that allowed us to approach the experiences of women. The participating population was 4 women who received the benefit and 3 experts with whom an in-depth interview was used. The development of the investigation has allowed to give continuity to the educational investigations that have been previously developed in relation to the Conditional Cash Transfer Programs; managing to place the issue again as relevant, since it is not only the economic contribution that makes women mitigate their obstacles to face the poverty in which they are in other ways immersed many of them. Given this extensive analysis that is interspersed between theory, study and opinions of various people consulted, the following conclusions are derived. It is stated that the reception of these benefits falls on women, whether they are the heads of the household or not. This is due to the fact that they are responsible from the administration of the resources, to the fulfillment of the conditionalities of the transfers granted, from the foregoing, it is assumed that historically the allocation criterion was technical where people were entrusted with the function of be guarantors of the delivery, and disposition of said resources. In addition, from the above, it is concluded that the Conditional Cash Transfer programs have been very important as a means to combat poverty. But the perspective, impact and involvement vary in different countries. Based on the experiences of the key informants, it can be seen that these transfers transform their lives, in terms of achieving educational projects, since they have allowed them to remain in the educational system, however, empowerment around gender requires a series of elements that go beyond providing the transfer to people.
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Asistencia Escolar, Oportunidades de educación, Política educativa, Prospección educacional, Género, School Attendance, Educational Opportunities, Educational Policy, Educational Prospecting, Gender