Análisis de ítemes de selección y desarrollo elaborados por docentes que imparten lecciones de biología en las 17 regiones educativas del país.
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1991
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IIMEC
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Desde 1982, el IIMEC realiza diagnósticos evaluativos de la enseñanza de las Ciencias Generales, que han evidenciado una serie de deficiencias en relación con el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Por ello, el MEP, tomó la decisión de realizar pruebas estandarizadas en la conclusión de cada ciclo de la Educación General Básica y la Educación Diversificada. Así, en 1987, se preparó una serie de Pruebas Nacionales en las diferentes regiones del país.
Para la prueba de 1989, se consideró necesario, además de la distribución porcentual, consultar a los docentes sobre la confección de ítemes de selección y desarrollo, para conocer y analizar el tipo de ítemes que se establecen a nivel de aula y seleccionara algunos para incluirlos en las pruebas.
En este documento, se presenta el resultado del análisis efectuado a los ítemes elaborados por los profesores de Biología.
Se concluyó que, en el área de Biología, los temas que se requieren de la química orgánica o la bioquímica, son poco utilizados. En cuanto al tema de “Reproducción Humana”, más del 40% de las regiones educativas no lo abordó, e tanto que el tema “Reproducción sexual”, no fue tomado en cuenta por el 71% de las regiones educativas. En cuanto a “Genética”, “Evolución” y “Reinos Biológicos”, fueron poco usados.
Sobre la selección de ítemes, se nota que solo el 1% presenta en el enunciado esquemas o dibujos, y en general, el predominio de enunciados llanos. Además, un 29% de los ítemes presenta problemas de enunciado, y en los de desarrollo, estos problemas ascienden al 49% de los ítemes.
Por lo anterior, se llama la atención a los encargados y al MEP en la construcción y aplicación de conocimientos en las aulas de clase y en la elaboración de ítemes para las pruebas
ABSTRACT: Since 1982, IIMEC has carried out evaluative diagnoses of General Sciences teaching, which have revealed a series of deficiencies in relation to the academic performance of students. Therefore, the MEP, the decision to perform standardized tests at the conclusion of each cycle of Basic General Education and Diversified Education. Thus, in 1987, a series of National Tests was prepared in the different regions of the country. For the 1989 test, it is considered necessary, in addition to the percentage distribution, to consult teachers on the preparation of selection and development items, to know and analyze the type of items that are considered a classroom level and select some parameters to include them in tests. In this document, the result of the analysis carried out on the items prepared by the biology teachers is presented. It was concluded that, in the area of Biology, the topics that are used in organic chemistry or biochemistry are little used. Regarding the topic of "Human Reproduction", more than 40% of the educational regions did not address it, and the topic of "Sexual Reproduction" was not taken into account by 71% of the educational regions. As for "Genetics", "Evolution" and "Biological Kingdoms", they were little used. Regarding the selection of items, it is noted that only 1% have schematics or drawings in the statement, and in general, the predominance of plain statements. In addition, 29% of the items present statement problems, and in development, these problems amount to 49% of the items. Therefore, attention is given to those in charge and to the MEP in the construction and application of knowledge in classrooms and in the preparation of items for the tests.
ABSTRACT: Since 1982, IIMEC has carried out evaluative diagnoses of General Sciences teaching, which have revealed a series of deficiencies in relation to the academic performance of students. Therefore, the MEP, the decision to perform standardized tests at the conclusion of each cycle of Basic General Education and Diversified Education. Thus, in 1987, a series of National Tests was prepared in the different regions of the country. For the 1989 test, it is considered necessary, in addition to the percentage distribution, to consult teachers on the preparation of selection and development items, to know and analyze the type of items that are considered a classroom level and select some parameters to include them in tests. In this document, the result of the analysis carried out on the items prepared by the biology teachers is presented. It was concluded that, in the area of Biology, the topics that are used in organic chemistry or biochemistry are little used. Regarding the topic of "Human Reproduction", more than 40% of the educational regions did not address it, and the topic of "Sexual Reproduction" was not taken into account by 71% of the educational regions. As for "Genetics", "Evolution" and "Biological Kingdoms", they were little used. Regarding the selection of items, it is noted that only 1% have schematics or drawings in the statement, and in general, the predominance of plain statements. In addition, 29% of the items present statement problems, and in development, these problems amount to 49% of the items. Therefore, attention is given to those in charge and to the MEP in the construction and application of knowledge in classrooms and in the preparation of items for the tests.
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PRUEBAS DE BACHILLERATO, BIOLOGÍA, ANÁLISIS, BACHELOR'S DEGREE TESTS, BIOLOGY, ANALYSIS